From Ideas to Action: Helping Rebuild Puerto Rico Through ULI Advisory Services

From Ideas to Action: Helping Rebuild Puerto Rico Through ULI Advisory Services

 

 

Thought leadership is important…But real leadership is measured by action.

Following the catastrophic devastation caused by Hurricane Maria in 2017, Puerto Rico faced one of the greatest rebuilding challenges in its modern history. Communities across the island were confronted not only with repairing damaged infrastructure and housing, but with a much larger question:

How do we rebuild stronger than before?

Rather than simply discussing resilience from the conference stage, AG&T joined a multidisciplinary team of national experts through the Urban Land Institute (ULI) Advisory Services Program to help answer that question.

 

 

Supported by The Kresge Foundation, ULI Southeast Florida/Caribbean, Alvarez-Díaz & Villalón, and the Puerto Rico Builders Association, the Advisory Services Panel traveled to the Municipality of Toa Baja to work directly with local government, business leaders, community organizations, and residents to develop a practical roadmap for long-term recovery and resilience.

Turning Expertise into Action

ULI’s Advisory Services Panels are among the organization’s highest forms of professional service.

Rather than serving as conferences or academic exercises, these panels assemble nationally recognized experts in planning, architecture, engineering, finance, economic development, housing, resilience, public policy, and real estate to solve complex urban challenges.

For one intensive week, the team immersed itself in Toa Baja meeting with local stakeholders, touring neighborhoods, evaluating damaged infrastructure, reviewing economic data, and identifying opportunities that could strengthen the municipality for generations to come.

For AG&T, organizing and participating in the panel reflected a core belief:

Knowledge creates value only when it leads to action.

The Challenge

Among Puerto Rico’s municipalities, Toa Baja was one of the hardest hit by Hurricane Maria.

The municipality sustained more than $1.3 billion in damages, with widespread impacts to housing, businesses, transportation infrastructure, utilities, and public facilities.

Its geographic location also made it particularly vulnerable to future flooding, storm surge, sea-level rise, and other climate-related hazards.

The challenge extended well beyond reconstruction.

The objective was to create a strategy for a safer, stronger, and more economically resilient community.

Looking Beyond Recovery

The panel’s recommendations extended far beyond repairing damaged buildings.

Instead, the team examined how resilience could become a catalyst for economic development.

Among the key areas explored were:

  • Identifying Toa Baja’s long-term competitive advantages within Puerto Rico and the Caribbean.

  • Strengthening economic drivers capable of creating sustainable employment.

  • Improving land use planning to reduce exposure to flooding and future storm events.

  • Integrating resilience into future housing and commercial development.

  • Leveraging public-private partnerships to accelerate investment.

  • Creating more efficient land development processes.

  • Expanding access to resilient housing for residents across all income levels.

  • Aligning reconstruction efforts with long-term economic growth rather than short-term recovery.

The panel also examined how natural systems, coastal conditions, transportation networks, and infrastructure investments could work together to create a more resilient municipality.

 

Resilience as Economic Development

One of the panel’s most important conclusions was that resilience should not be viewed simply as disaster preparedness.

Well-designed resilient communities are also stronger economies.

Investments in flood mitigation, resilient infrastructure, modern utilities, housing, transportation, environmental restoration, and thoughtful land planning improve quality of life while making communities more attractive for residents, businesses, investors, and employers.

Today, that philosophy has become increasingly accepted throughout the development industry.

Institutional investors, lenders, insurers, and governments now recognize resilience as a critical component of long-term value creation.

From Recommendations to Lasting Impact

Although the Advisory Services Panel lasted only one week, its influence extended well beyond the final presentation.

The report continues to serve as a strategic resource for municipal planning, resilience initiatives, economic development discussions, and future investment opportunities.

More importantly, it demonstrated what can be achieved when the public sector, private industry, nonprofit organizations, and community leaders collaborate toward a common objective.

The challenges facing island communities require integrated solutions.

No single organization can solve them alone.

AG&T’s Commitment

For AG&T, participating in the Toa Baja Advisory Services Panel reflects the type of work we believe matters most.

Our role extends beyond advising individual developments. We are equally committed to helping strengthen the communities in which those projects exist.

Over the years, AG&T has contributed to numerous initiatives involving the Urban Land Institute, the Puerto Rico Builders Association, universities, government agencies, institutional investors, and nonprofit organizations, all with the shared objective of advancing sustainable economic development throughout Puerto Rico and the Caribbean.

Whether the challenge involves resilience, housing, hospitality, infrastructure, climate adaptation, or economic competitiveness, we believe meaningful progress begins with collaboration.

Because rebuilding communities is about more than replacing what was lost. It is about creating places that are stronger, safer, more prosperous, and better prepared for the future.

That is the kind of work that creates lasting impact.

Download the complete ULI Advisory Services Panel Report for the Municipality of Toa Baja to explore the team’s recommendations for building a more resilient and economically vibrant community.

Creating a Forum for Caribbean Thought Leadership: The First ULI Caribbean Roundtable

Creating a Forum for Caribbean Thought Leadership: The First ULI Caribbean Roundtable

 

Great ideas rarely emerge in isolation. They are born through conversation, collaboration, and the willingness to bring together people with different perspectives to solve shared challenges.

That belief inspired the launch of the ULI Caribbean Roundtable, an initiative created to establish a regular forum where leaders from across the Caribbean real estate, hospitality, finance, planning, and development industries could exchange ideas and discuss the opportunities shaping the region’s future.

Chaired by Adam Greenfader, Chairman of AG&T and then Chair of the ULI Southeast Florida/Caribbean Council, the inaugural Roundtable brought together a diverse group of developers, investors, architects, financial advisors, and industry leaders committed to advancing thoughtful, sustainable growth throughout the Caribbean.

Among the featured speakers were:

  • Emilio Colón Zavala, President, Puerto Rico Builders Association

  • Ricardo Álvarez-Díaz, Founder and CEO, Álvarez-Díaz & Villalón (AD&V)

  • Robbie Karver, Ernst & Young (EY), Hospitality Advisory

The event was made possible through the collaboration of the Urban Land Institute Southeast Florida/Caribbean District Council and its outstanding leadership team, whose commitment helped establish what would become an ongoing series of conversations focused on the future of Caribbean development.

A Region Entering a New Chapter

The discussion took place during a pivotal moment for the Caribbean.

Only two years after Hurricanes Irma and Maria, the region was rebuilding with renewed optimism while simultaneously attracting increased interest from institutional investors, global hotel brands, and international developers.

Despite recent challenges, the panel shared a remarkably optimistic outlook.

  1. Tourism fundamentals remained strong.
  2. Airlift continued to expand.
  3. Hotel occupancy was recovering rapidly.
  4. Luxury travel demand remained resilient.
  5. Most importantly, investors continued to believe in the long-term strength of the Caribbean hospitality market.

 

Key Themes That Continue to Shape the Region

Several observations made during the Roundtable remain remarkably relevant today.

Access Drives Investment

The panel agreed that air connectivity remains one of the most important drivers of tourism and hospitality investment.

Destinations with strong international airlift continue to outperform, creating greater confidence among developers, lenders, hotel operators, and institutional investors.

The Caribbean Is Maturing

Rather than being viewed as a collection of isolated resort destinations, the Caribbean has increasingly evolved into a sophisticated investment market offering diverse opportunities across hospitality, branded residences, mixed-use development, marinas, logistics, and infrastructure.

This maturation has attracted increasingly sophisticated sources of capital seeking long-term investment opportunities.

Puerto Rico’s Competitive Position

The discussion also highlighted Puerto Rico’s unique advantages.

Federal disaster recovery funding, Opportunity Zones, tourism incentives, and the island’s attractive tax framework were already positioning Puerto Rico for renewed investment.

Many of those early observations have since materialized, with Puerto Rico experiencing record tourism performance, significant hospitality investment, and growing institutional interest.

Resilience Creates Value

One of the most encouraging conclusions reached during the Roundtable was that resilience does not necessarily reduce investment returns.

Developers increasingly recognized that resilient design, stronger construction standards, and sustainable planning can enhance long-term asset performance while reducing future risk.

Today, resilience has become a central component of hospitality development throughout the Caribbean.

Building More Than Conversations

Looking back, the greatest achievement of the Caribbean Roundtable was not any single discussion.

It was the creation of an ongoing community.

Over the following years, the Roundtable welcomed leaders from organizations including Hilton, CBRE Hotels, IDB Invest, Discover Puerto Rico, Apple Leisure Group, Sculptor Real Estate, major financial institutions, developers, architects, government agencies, and global investors.

Each conversation expanded the dialogue around the issues shaping Caribbean development—from hospitality and branded residences to climate resilience, institutional capital, infrastructure, manufacturing, tourism, and public-private partnerships.

AG&T’s Perspective

For AG&T, organizing the Caribbean Roundtable reflected a long-standing philosophy.

Economic development begins by bringing people together.

Throughout our history, we have sought to connect government leaders, investors, developers, hotel brands, universities, planners, architects, financial institutions, and entrepreneurs around one common objective: creating a stronger, more resilient Caribbean.

The Roundtable became one of many platforms through which those conversations could occur.

Today, those discussions continue to influence the way we think about hospitality, resilience, investment, and sustainable development across the region.

Because while individual projects may define skylines, it is collaboration that ultimately shapes the future of communities.

Puerto Rico’s Turning Point: Looking Beyond the Crisis

In 2018, less than a year after Hurricanes Irma and Maria devastated Puerto Rico, the headlines focused almost exclusively on destruction, migration, and uncertainty.

At AG&T, we saw something different. While acknowledging the immense humanitarian and economic challenges facing the island, we believed Puerto Rico was entering a period of profound transformation. The combination of federal reconstruction funding, economic reform, tax incentives, private investment, and long-overdue infrastructure modernization created the foundation for what could become one of the island’s most significant economic renaissances in decades.

That perspective was featured in an interview with Bisnow South Florida, where Adam Greenfader discussed Puerto Rico’s long-term outlook, the rebuilding process, and why the island’s greatest opportunities still lay ahead.

Several of the themes discussed in the interview have proven remarkably accurate. Puerto Rico experienced one of the largest reconstruction efforts in modern U.S. history, supported by tens of billions of dollars in federal investment for housing, infrastructure, utilities, schools, healthcare facilities, and resilience projects.

  • Tourism reached record levels.
  • Luxury hospitality investment accelerated.
  • New residents, entrepreneurs, family offices, technology companies, and investment funds relocated to the island, strengthening sectors ranging from real estate and finance to life sciences and technology.

The discussion also anticipated the growing importance of Puerto Rico’s tax incentive programs, Opportunity Zones, and the island’s role as a gateway between the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean.

At the same time, many of the challenges identified remain part of Puerto Rico’s ongoing conversation, including housing affordability, infrastructure modernization, energy resilience, insurance costs, population dynamics, and creating economic growth that benefits all Puerto Ricans.

AG&T’s Perspective

For more than three decades, AG&T has believed that Puerto Rico’s future extends far beyond disaster recovery. The island possesses exceptional long-term advantages, including its strategic location, U.S. legal and financial framework, highly educated bilingual workforce, manufacturing base, expanding hospitality sector, and unique tax and investment incentives.

Our work has consistently focused on helping connect these strengths with responsible private investment while promoting resilient, sustainable, and inclusive economic development.

The interview below captures an important moment in Puerto Rico’s history when rebuilding was just beginning and the island’s future remained uncertain.

Looking back today, it serves as a reminder that meaningful transformation often begins long before the results become visible.

The following article originally appeared in Bisnow South Florida and is reproduced here with permission/summary for historical context.

Puerto Rico After The Hurricanes: Investors And Bitcoin Cowboys Are Circling

By Deirdra Funcheon as Published in Bisnow South Florida

Puerto Rico has been desperate for aid that has been too slow and insufficient following hurricanes Irma and Maria in 2017. But a few on the island say the attention followed might ultimately be a net positive for the commonwealth. “The bottom line is that Puerto Rico in the next two to three years is expected to see strong growth — 3 to 3.5% of GDP,” said Adam Greenfader, principal of Miami-based AG&T Development and Advisory Services. “It hasn’t had growth in 12 years. A depression is defined as negative economic growth for three quarters, so for all intents and purposes, Puerto Rico has been in a depression for 12 years.”

Greenfader married into a family that facilitates Section 8 housing throughout Puerto Rico. He then became a developer there himself. Currently, he serves as the liaison to the Puerto Rico Builders’ Association and the chair of the Urban Land Institute’s Caribbean Council. Greenfader points out that while last summer’s hurricanes devastated the commonwealth, jobs had already been scarce for more than a decade as the government faced a crippling debt crisis, owing $123B and declaring bankruptcy last spring. Though an estimated 150,000 Puerto Ricans fled to the U.S. mainland after the hurricanes, between 60,000 and 70,000 residents had already been leaving each year of the crisis. Puerto Rico’s current population is about 3.5 million, down from a peak of about 4 million, Greenfader said.

Turnaround efforts began years ago. Reforms enacted in 2012 enticed businesses and high net worth individuals to relocate to Puerto Rico by taxing corporate profits at a flat 4% and eliminating taxes on dividends, interest and capital gains for anyone who resided at least half the year in Puerto Rico. For anyone selling a company or large amounts of stock, these measures could result in saving millions of dollars on taxes. Famously, Putnam Bridge Funding CEO Nicholas Prouty invested more than $100M and relocated his family. Billionaire John Paulson bought several hotels. Michael E. Tennenbaum founded Caribbean Capital & Consultancy Corp. Goldman Sachs and various hedge funds moved in and bought distressed mortgages for pennies on the dollar. 

Greenfader said that about 1000 high net worth individuals moved to the island, and about 200 are coming each year. Cottage industries sprung up to cater to these ultra-wealthy.  Then last year’s hurricanes blew through, knocking out power and killing 64 people directly and 4,645 in total, according to Harvard University. Though the U.S. government responded painfully slowly, $18B in aid has been approved from the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and billions more are expected, Greenfader said.

Recovery is slow, but happening. Tesla built a solar array to power a children’s hospital. Doctors are being offered tax incentives to stay in Puerto Rico. Private insurance companies have started to pay claims, so 60% of hotels are now operational, Greenfader said. He believes that when the economy improves, exiles will move back. 

Publicity around the hurricanes certainly brought attention to the commonwealth. Immediately after the hurricanes, only about half of Americans knew that Puerto Rico was part of the United States; that number has since risen to 76%. Following the disaster, dozens of cryptocurrency entrepreneurs relocated to San Juan to buy hundreds of thousands of acres of land, take advantage of the tax structure and set up a “crypto utopia.” Greenfader suggested there is more opportunity for economic recovery: Puerto Rico’s tourism industry makes up only 6.5% of gross domestic product, whereas on many Caribbean islands, that figure is 50% or more. That is by design, he said; in the 1950s and ’60s, laws were structured to keep out the Mafiosos who ran Cuba. It could be increased substantially. 

Furthermore, the island has long had a mishmash system of collecting property taxes, partly because so many homes are built informally or illegally — “People get a paycheck, buy [a] few beers, invite their friends and family over to build a wall at a time,” Greenfader said — and partly because the tax code hasn’t been revised since 1950s. “A property worth a million dollars might pay no more than $2K, $3K in taxes for a year,” Greenfader said. A better system of collecting taxes could be implemented to make the government more solvent.  Although he is optimistic, Greenfader acknowledged the challenges.

While Puerto Rico is a diverse society, where rich and poor have long mixed freely, the influx of people taking advantage of the tax breaks is “adding an upper class the island never had before,” he said, and there has been some blowback. Workaday employees are facing pension cuts and austerity measures as Puerto Rico grapples with its debt. Currently, according to Democracy Now, 55,000 residents are in foreclosure and the government is turning to privatization as the solution for economic woes, which will enrich investors but hurt the working class. In a Bloomberg article Monday about the search for someone to buy the country’s beleaguered electric company, which goes so far as to ask potential buyers how they would like to be regulated, a Puerto Rico resident said, “We are tired of people coming here to get rich and take advantage of us.”  Some grass-roots organizations have taken shape to resist Wall Street — forces that author Naomi Klein explores in a new book, “The Battle for Paradise: Puerto Rico Takes On the Disaster Capitalists.”

Greenfader noted that insurance premiums will likely continue to rise, and the Jones Act, a shipping law that requires goods to stop in a mainland port, makes commodities expensive. Whatever economic policies prevail, at least new construction on the island should be more resilient. Greenfader said builders already adhere to codes that mirror Miami-Dade’s, which were made stronger after Hurricane Andrew in 1992. They use reinforced concrete and no wood. Going forward, he said, there is a commitment to using more sustainable designs, particularly in the energy space, such as solar power arrays and micro electric grids. Today, about 10,000 customers in Puerto Rico who lost electricity after last year’s hurricanes are still without power. 

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